Functional Status Of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease In Cardiology ICU

Abstract

Contextualization: Patients hospitalized in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) may present functional independence, prolonging hospitalization. Objective: To evaluate the functional independence of patients with cardiovascular diseases during ICU stay until hospital discharge. Methods: A prospective cohort study that included subjects of both genders ? 18 years, hospitalized for more than 24 hours in the ICU. The functional independence of the individuals was evaluated through the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scale in three moments (ICU admission, ICU discharge and hospital discharge). Variance Analysis (ANOVA) was used for repeated measures with the post hoc comparisons performed by the Bonferroni test. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used for the statistical relationships considering a significance level of 5%. Results: The mean age was 64.26 ± 12.58 years, of which 25 (59.5%) were male, with a predominance of acute myocardial infarction patients (57.1%). There was a reduction in functionality across all evaluated domains of the scale. The mean score upon admission was 119.40 ± 11.37 points, at ICU discharge was 106.36 ± 16.36 points, and at hospital discharge, it was 112.12 ± 15.19 points (p<0.001).  The greatest functional loss was in the self-care domain in relation to the other domains in all ICU admission, ICU discharge and hospital discharge (p=0.003). There was an inverse and moderate correlation observed between the three moments of FIM evaluation with the length of ICU stay (r=-0.532, p<0.001) and in the hospital (r=-0.506, p<0.001). Conclusion: The ICU hospitalization process led to reduced functionality of the patients according to the FIM scale.