Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome: possible complication of COVID-19 and a challenge for medical professionals

Abstract

Introduction: Pediatric Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome (SIM-P) corresponds to a rare and potentially fatal clinical entity. The clinical spectrum of SIM-P is variable and consists of a set of signs and symptoms characterized by the presence of persistent fever associated with other clinical manifestations such as hypotension. Objective: To evaluate Pediatric Multisystemic Inflammatory Syndrome (SIM-P) as a probable complication of COVID-19 in children and to understand the clinical and therapeutic challenges faced by physicians facing this syndrome. Methodology: Texto do método em inglês Integrative literature review, carried out in six phases. A bibliographic search for evidence was carried out in the electronic databases of the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and in the Public Medline or Publisher Medline. For this purpose, descriptors selected from the Medical Subject Heading and associates were used, namely: ”AND“ child ”AND“ COVID ”. Results: After analysis, it was observed that the symptoms most reported by the authors were: fever (100%), gastrointestinal problems (92.8%), cardiac dysfunction (100%), mucocutaneous manifestations (100%) and the mean age of involvement was 6-10 years (64.3%). As for treatment, 100% of the studies reported the need for hospitalization and 100% reported that the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin is a great therapeutic option. Conclusions: : SIM-P has a temporal, geographical and laboratory association with COVID-19, and corresponds to a new clinical entity different from Kawasaki's disease. The clinical spectrum is diverse and regarding treatment, further studies are needed to determine a specific treatment for the disease and capable of reducing its mortality.

 Keywords: Children. Coronavirus Infections. Therapeutics.