Estimativa de áreas para terrenos cadastrais pertencentes a União: um estudo comparativo entre projeções cartográficas

Area estimation for Union’s cadastral land: a comparative study between the local geodetic system and cartographic projections

Abstract

This article discusses the problems related to the numerical determination of the area of territorial parcels. Several mathematical processes can be applied for this purpose, however, due to the complexity of the Earth's shape, the methods have limitations, especially in large territorial parcels, such as those existing in Brazil, as it is a country with continental dimensions. In this context, government agencies and companies constantly analyze values of areas related to territorial parcels in a national scope. However, a standard methodology to estimate the areas of these plots has not yet been defined. Thus, we seek to evaluate the numerical values of areas previously determined from the application of conventional methodologies used in Brazil. The process consists of comparing the values estimated by the application of the Local Geodetic System (SGL), Cartographic Projections (PC) with Equivalence property and areas based on the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM). Based on the results of this study, it was observed that the estimated areas for each analyzed terrain did not present significant differences in relation to the application of divergent methodologies. However, it is recommended for applications at the national level, the use of the Albers PC adapted for the Brazilian territory, since its mathematical characteristics are determined specifically for the country and do not present subdivisions (zones), in addition, it presents the property of equivalence, a factor that minimizes the deformations of linear and angular quantities. This work consists of preliminary studies for the improvement of the PRISMA-SPU plugin.