ESG Funds versus traditional funds: a performance analysis in the brazilian market (from 2021 to 2024)

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21680/2176-9036.2026v18n2ID44442

Palavras-chave:

ESG; investment funds; sustainability; profitability; performance.

Resumo

Purpose: To examines the performance differences between Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) and traditional funds in the Brazilian market, using risk-adjusted return measures.

Methodology: A quantitative approach was used, with secondary data from the Brazilian Securities Commission on the returns of 3,538 investment funds from 2006 to 2026. The Sharpe Ratio and t-test were applied to address this objective.

Results: In the graphical analysis, ESG funds showed better performance and higher volatility than non-ESG funds. However, the Student’s t-test showed that these differences are not statistically significant. Thus, there is insufficient evidence to say that the two portfolios perform differently in a statistically meaningful way.

 Contributions: This study contributes to the academic and practical debate on sustainable investments, providing insights for investors, fund managers, and policymakers seeking to balance financial returns with socio-environmental responsibility.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Júlia Gomes Ramos Abreu, Fluminense Federal University

Bachelor's degree in Accounting from the Fluminense Federal University.

Cíntia de Melo de Albuquerque Ribeiro, Fluminense Federal University

PhD in Sustainable Management Systems from Latec-UFF. Adjunct Professor at the Department of Accounting at the Fluminense Federal University.

Aline Moura da Costa Silva, Fluminense Federal University

PhD in Accounting from the University of Brasilia. Associate Professor at the Department of Accounting at the Fluminense Federal University.

José Paulo Cosenza, Fluminense Federal University

PhD in Accounting and Finance from the University of Zaragoza, Spain. Full Professor at the Department of Accounting at the Fluminense Federal University.

Referências

Agarwal, B., Gautam, R. S., Jain, P., Rastogi, S., Bhimavarapu, V. M., & Singh, S. (2023). Impact of environmental, social, and governance activities on the financial performance of Indian health care sector firms: Using competition as a moderator. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 16(109). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16020109

Amin, N., & Tauseef, S. (2022). Does an optimal ESG score exist? Evidence from China. Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies. https://doi.org/10.1080/17520843.2022.

Anbima. (2022). ESG Guide II. https://www.anbima.com.br/data/files/08/E7/AC/BC/8B54181056C3B2186B2BA2A8/ESG_Guide_II.pdf

B3 – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão. (2025). O que é o ISE. https://iseb3.com.br/o-que-e-o-ise

Borges, D. M., & Malaquias, R. F. (2019). Restrições de resgate em fundos de ações, liquidez dos ativos e desempenho. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 59, 43-56. ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-759020190105

Borsatto, A. L., Baggio, D. K., & Brum, A. L. (2023). Conceitos e definições do ESG – Environmental, social and corporate governance – no contexto evolutivo da sustentabilidade. Desenvolvimento em Questão, 21(59), e13493. https://doi.org/10.21527/2237-6453.2023.59.13493

Campagnolla, C., & Macêdo, M. M. C. (2022). Revolução verde: passado e desafios atuais. Cadernos de Ciência & Tecnologia, 39(1), e26952. https://doi.org/10.35977/0104-1096.cct2022.v39.26952

Conover, W. J. (1971). Practical nonparametric statistics. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

Dmuchowski, P., Dmuchowski, W., Baczewska-Dąbrowska, A. H., & Gworek, B. (2023). Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) model; impacts and sustainable investment–Global trends and Poland's perspective. Journal of Environmental Management, 329, 117023.

Elkington, J. (2004). Enter the triple bottom line. In A. Henriques & J. Richardson (Eds.), The triple bottom line: Does it all add up? (pp. 1–16). London, UK: Earthscan.

Friede, G., Busch, T., & Bassen, A. (2015). ESG and financial performance: Aggregated evidence from more than 2000 empirical studies. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 5(4), 210–233. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2015.1118917

Giannopoulos, G., Fagernes, R. V. K., Elmarzouky, M., & Hossain, K. A. B. M. A. (2022). The ESG disclosure and the financial performance of Norwegian listed firms. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(6), 237. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15060237

Giese, G., Lee, L. E., Melas, D., Nagy, Z., & Nishikawa, L. (2021). Foundations of ESG investing: How ESG affects equity valuation, risk, and performance. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 47(3), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.3905/jpm.2019.45.5.069

Gil, A. C. (2017). Métodos e técnicas de pesquisa social (7ª ed.). São Paulo, SP: Atlas.

Global Sustainable Investment Alliance (2020). Global Sustainable Investment Review 2020.

González-Estrada, E., & Cosmes, W. (2019). Shapiro–Wilk test for skew normal distributions based on data transformations. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 89(17), 3258–3272. https://doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2019.1600226

Grim, D. M., and Plagge, J-C. (2022). A framework for ESG decision-making. Vanguard research Commentary. https://www.vanguard.co.uk/content/dam/intl/europe/documents/en/a-framework-for-esg-decision-making-eu-en-pro.pdf

Guimarães, T. M., & Malaquias, R. F. (2023). Desempenho de Fundos de Ações considerando Investimentos ESG, Restrições Financeiras e a Pandemia COVID-19. Brazilian Business Review, 20(1), 18-37. https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2023.20.1.2.pt

Instituto Brasileiro de Governança Corporativa. (2023). Conheça os cinco princípios da governança corporativa. São Paulo, SP: IBGC.

KPMG. (2023). Código das melhores práticas de governança corporativa. https://midia.kpmg.com.br/comunicados/images/2023/760624247.pdf

Kuzmina, J., Atstaja, D., Purvins, M., Baakashvili, G., & Chkareuli, V. (2023). In Search of Sustainability and Financial Returns: The Case of ESG Energy Funds. Sustainability, 15(3), 2716. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032716

Levine, D. M., Berenson, M. L., & Stephan, D. F. (2016). Estatística: Teoria e aplicações. (7ª ed.). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: LTC.

Li, T. T., Wang, K., Sueyoshi, T., & Wang, D. D. (2021). ESG: Research progress and future prospects. Sustainability, 13(21), 11663. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111663

Milonas, N. T.; Rompotis, G. G.; Moutzouris, C. The Performance of ESG Funds vis-à-vis Non-ESG Funds. Journal of impact and ESG investing, 2(4), 96–115.https://doi: 10.3905/jesg.2022.1.041.

M. W., & Wasiuzzaman, S. (2021). Environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure, competitive advantage and performance of firms in Malaysia. Cleaner Environmental Systems, 2, 100019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cesys.2021.100019

Morningstar. (2020). ESG funds setting a record pace for launches in 2020. https://www.morningstar.com/funds/esg-funds-setting-record-pace-launches-2020

Morgan Stanley Institute for Sustainable Investing. (2025). Sustainable reality: 2024 semi-annual insights. Morgan Stanley. https://www.morganstanley.com/ideas/sustainable-funds-performance-2024

Pacto Global – Rede Brasil (2025). ESG. https://www.pactoglobal.org.br/esg/

Pereira, A. C., Silva, G. Z., & Carbonari, M. E. E. (2017). Sustentabilidade, responsabilidade social e meio ambiente. São Paulo, SP: Saraiva Educação.

Pisani, F., & Russo, G. (2021). Sustainable Finance and COVID-19: The Reaction of ESG Funds to the 2020 Crisis. Sustainability, 13(23), 13253. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313253

Plagge, J-C., & Grim, D. M. (2020). Have investors paid a performance price? Examining the behavior of ESG equity funds. The Journal of Portfolio Management, 46(3), 123-140. DOI: 10.3905/jpm.2020.46.3.123

PRI. (2025). About the PRI. https://www.unpri.org/about-us/about-the-pri

PRI Association. (2019). Princípios para o investimento responsável (PRI). Principles for Responsible Investment. London: PRI. https://dwtyzx6upklss.cloudfront.net/Uploads/e/g/l/pribrochure_portuguese2019_256030.pdf

Gibson, R., Glossner, S., Krueger, P., Matos, P., & Steffen, T. (2022). Do responsible investors invest responsibly? Review of Finance, 26(6), 1389–1432. https://doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfab066

Sharpe, W.F., 1966. Mutual fund performance. The Journal of Business, 39(1), pp.119–138.

Sharpe, W.F., 1994. The Sharpe ratio. Journal of Portfolio Management, 21(1), pp.49–58.

Silva, D. C. D., Oliveira, T. D. M. C., & Pessina, M. E. H. (2025). Evolução dos fundos ESG no Brasil. RDE-Revista de Desenvolvimento Econômico, 1(55). http://dx.doi.org/10.36810/rde.v1i55.9175

Silva, S.S., & Iquiapaza, R.A. (2017). Fundos de Investimentos Socialmente Responsáveis e Fundos Convencionais: Existem Diferenças de Desempenho? Revista Evidenciação Contábil & Finanças, 5(3), p.4-21. http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/recfin

Tang, T., Guo, J., Zuo, L., & Lu, L. (2025). ESG fund performance and fund manager trading strategy: Evidence from China. Global Finance Journal, 101167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2025.101167

United Nations. (1972). Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment. Stockholm: UN Conference on the Human Environment.

United Nations. (1987). Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. Oslo: World Commission on Environment and Development.

United Nations. (2025). (2025). The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2025. New York: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2025/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2025.pdf

Voltolini, r. Vamos falar de ESG?: provocações de um pioneiro em sustentabilidade empresarial. [s. L.]: Editora Voo, 2021.

Whelan, T., Atz, U., Van Holt, T., & Clark, C. (2020). ESG and financial performance: Uncovering the relationship by aggregating evidence from 1,000 plus studies published between 2015-2020. NYU Stern Center for Sustainable Business.

Publicado

06-07-2026

Como Citar

Abreu, J. G. R., Ribeiro, C. de M. de A., Silva, A. M. da C., & Cosenza, J. P. (2026). ESG Funds versus traditional funds: a performance analysis in the brazilian market (from 2021 to 2024). REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte - ISSN 2176-9036, 18(2). https://doi.org/10.21680/2176-9036.2026v18n2ID44442

Edição

Seção

Seção 7: Internacional (S7)