Análise da dinâmica do desmatamento e regeneração da vegetação natural na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Itapecuru, Maranhão

Analysis of the dynamics of deforestation and protection of natural vegetation in the Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Itapecuru, Maranhão

Abstract

Due to the various changes that occur in a watershed, such as deforestation, which triggers a range of environmental problems. The present study aims to evaluate the dynamics of land use and occupation, analyzing important factors, such as deforestation rates and regeneration of deforested areas over a multitemporal series of the last 31 years (1988 to 2019) at BHRI, using geoprocessing tools by using images available on the Mapbiomas collection 7.0 platform. Changes were verified in 9 classes for natural vegetation formation and 7 classes for anthropic vegetation formation. According to data analysis in 1988, BHRI presented a total of 4,950,212 ha of vegetation throughout its area. The secondary vegetation increased between the years of 1988, which before were around 33,329 ha, in 2019 it became 240,165 ha, allowing us to consider that there was an increase in regeneration within the basin area over the years. However, it was found that the methodology using geoprocessing contributed positively to the achievement of the results presented, and even with an increase in regeneration rates, there is a need to invest in actions to protect natural resources and especially native vegetation.