Clinical and epidemiological profile of type I Diabetes Mellitus patients assisted by the specialized component of Piauí

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is characterized as an endocrine disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels. The current classification of DM is based on etiology and includes four clinical classes: type 1 (DM1), type 2 DM (DM2) , Gestational DM and other specific types of DM. Type 1 diabetes (DM1) is an autoimmune disease triggered by the progressive and irreversible destruction of pancreatic ß cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Thus, the objective of the present study is to outline the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients with DM1 treated in the Specialized Component of Pharmaceutical Care (CEAF) in Piauí. The present study is a cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach. The survey was conducted with data from 2018, collected through the analysis of medical records, exams and records of patients with DM1 who are assisted by CEAF. The results show that type 1 DM was more evident in children and adolescents than in the elderly, as expected, there was similarity in relation to sex, it was observed that most patients of all age groups have normal BMI, in addition to in addition, the prevalence of patients residing in the capital and highlighting that over 50% of patients portrayed inadequate glycemic control. The present study provides strategies to promote a better quality of life for these patients. In this way, the study shows that the best structuring of Pharmaceutical Assistance is essential, highlighting the pharmacist's duties and competences in enabling better therapeutic adherence, in order to improve the glycemic control of diabetic patients and ensure safe and secure access. rationalization of medicines, enabling them to monitor pharmacotherapeutics effectively and improve quality of life.