Barreras de internacionalización que enfrentan las empresas incubadas: un estudio en la ciudad de Natal / RN – Brasil
Palabras clave:
Internacionalización; Barreras a la internacionalización; Incubadoras de empresas.Resumen
Debido a la competitividad global actual, existe una necesidad constante de que las empresas encuentren alternativas para internacionalizar sus modelos de negocio como estrategia no solo para el crecimiento, sino también para la supervivencia. Esta realidad es imperativa para las organizaciones de todos los tamaños, pero especialmente para las pequeñas y medianas empresas que ya no pueden depender de su mercado local ni cuentan con las tradicionales ventajas competitivas de las organizaciones de gran escala, estando sujetas a encontrar diversas barreras a lo largo del proceso de internacionalización. Las incubadoras, a su vez, juegan un papel fundamental en el proceso de internacionalización de las empresas incubadas, ofreciendo a los emprendedores las herramientas, el saber hacer y la estructura para su desarrollo y expansión internacional. Este artículo busca identificar, desde la perspectiva de los emprendedores locales, las barreras al proceso de internacionalización de empresas incubadas en la ciudad de Natal / RN. La investigación fue exploratoria y descriptiva, enfocándose en el análisis de variables cualitativas y cuantitativas. En total, se analizaron 22 empresas en tres incubadoras, por lo que se pudo definir la naturaleza de las barreras más apremiantes que enfrentan los emprendedores locales en el proceso de internacionalización en dos grupos: (1) Barreras externas agravadas por limitaciones técnicas de emprendedores e incubadoras y (2) Barreras de gestión estratégica, asociadas a redes deficientes y falta de planificación de expansión internacional.
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