Ciência e posturas intelectivas paradigmáticas. Aristóteles, Galilei e Feyerabend

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this article is to present three intellectual postures considered paradigmatic for the image of Science and how each carries characteristics of their respective worldviews in their positions on objective knowledge. The philosophical principle guiding this understanding is of a phenomenological-hermeneutic nature, according to which the relationship between the subject's self-understanding and their environment influences these positions. Aristotle and the episteme of physis as a rational apprehension of the harmony of the kosmos. Galileo and his revolution in the understanding of motion, in which the grammar of the world is transformed into a set of a priori rules of mathematical rationality. Feyerabend as a landmark of methodological anarchism and general suspicion towards the rational, resulting from the crisis of contemporary scientific discourse. With this, it is intended to show how much the image of Science is susceptible to change and needs to be repositioned as a collective project of a rational humanity.