Contaminação dos recursos hídricos por agrotóxicos utilizados em commodities: avaliação por modelos de simulação

Contamination of water resources by pesticides used in commodities: assessment through simulation models

Abstract

Over the last 10 years, agriculture in the Western Region of Pará, particularly in Santarém, Belterra, and Mojuí dos Campos, has seen a significant increase in soybean production, accounting for 11% of the state's output. This intensive growth results in greater pesticide use, leading to the contamination of water resources. To assess potential environmental impacts, five pesticides used in soybean cultivation were selected: Roundup (Glyphosate), Cyptrin (Cypermethrin), Dimilin (Teflubenzuron), Lorsban (Chlorpyrifos), and Lannate (Methomyl). The contamination risk assessment was conducted using mathematical models such as GUS, LEACH, and the SCI-GROW software. The results indicated that Methomyl has the highest potential for contaminating both surface and groundwater resources. Glyphosate, Cypermethrin, Teflubenzuron, and Chlorpyrifos showed low mobility and a lower risk of aquifer contamination. In terms of residues in groundwater, Glyphosate and Chlorpyrifos had concentrations of 117 and 0.109 µg/L, respectively. The LEACH index indicated a high risk of surface water contamination for Glyphosate and Teflubenzuron. These data are essential for planning water resource monitoring programs and environmental impact assessments, serving as an efficient and economical tool.