DRY PROPENSITY AREAS IN PARAÍBA STATE: A SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE EMERGENCY SITUATION DECREES AND THE OPERAÇÃO PIPA ACTIONS

Abstract

Drylands are natural spaces with landscapes marked by water scarcity. In the current global context of climate change, these regions tend to increase in the occurrence and magnitude of phenomena such as dry and drough. The municipalities of the Brazilian semiarid have higher recurrence of these phenomena. The Brazilian State has acted through actions and public policies that help these municipalities and their populations to face and live with these phenomena and their effects. Among these, Operação Pipa (OP) stands out, which provides access to drinking water. The objective of this study was to perform a spatial and comparative analysis between the Decrees of Emergency Situation (SE) / State of Public Disaster (ECP) and the actuation of the OP in Paraíba in the years 2012-2016. The methodology used was the Spatial Analysis and Cartographic that used the OP information, coming from the Military Command of the Northeast and SE decrees / ECP by dry and drought available in S2iD by Ministry of Regional Development. The results indicate the extent and impacts of the last  drought, which more than 90% of the municipalities in the state had their SEs recognized, in relation to the OP, this was present in more than 70% of the municipalities in Paraíba.