Impacto de ESG en el desempeño corporativo: un análisis comparativo entre mercados desarrollados y emergentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21680/2176-9036.2026v18n1ID38573Palabras clave:
ESG, Desempenho, Sustentabilidade Corporativa, Impacto EconômicoResumen
Objetivo: Comparar el impacto de los factores ESG (ambientales, sociales y de gobernanza) en el desempeño operativo, financiero y de mercado de las empresas en mercados desarrollados y emergentes entre 2018 y 2023.
Metodología: Utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo, se analizaron datos de divulgación financiera y ESG de 2.546 empresas de diferentes sectores en mercados desarrollados y emergentes. Se aplicaron técnicas de regresión lineal múltiple para investigar la relación entre las prácticas ESG y el desempeño corporativo (ROA, ROE y Q de Tobin), considerando variables como el tamaño de la empresa, el apalancamiento y el crecimiento de las ventas.
Resultados: Los resultados indican que los mercados emergentes muestran una asociación más fuerte entre las prácticas ESG y el desempeño financiero, en comparación con los mercados desarrollados.
Contribuciones del Estudio: Este estudio contribuye a la comprensión teórica de la relación entre ESG y desempeño y ofrece perspectivas para políticas públicas y estrategias corporativas, promoviendo inversiones responsables y sostenibilidad. Esto permite un análisis comparativo entre los mercados emergentes y desarrollados, destacando los matices en la implementación y los resultados de las prácticas ESG, con implicaciones teóricas y prácticas para las empresas y los responsables políticos.
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