REPERCUSSÕES DA VENTILAÇÃO NÃO INVASIVA EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS PREMATUROS COM SÍNDROME DO DESCONFORTO RESPIRATÓRIO AGUDO: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Abstract

Introduction: Pre-term neonates have anatomophysiological singularities predisposing them to respiratory complications such as the Acute Respiratory Discomfort Syndrome. Characterized by a deficit in pulmonary surfactant and consequent respiratory failure, increasing the need for invasive and non-invasive ventilatory support. Objective: To analyze the effects of noninvasive ventilation in premature newborns with Acute Respiratory Discomfort Syndrome. Methodology: This is an integrative review in which the following databases were used: SciELO, LILACS, PEDro, MEDLINE and Bireme. The inclusion criteria were studies related to the theme in Portuguese, English and Spanish; complete and published between 2015 and 2020. Results: In the 7 synthesized studies, ventilatory support systems were used: positive airway pressure at two levels: heated, humidified and high-flow nasal cannulas; positive pressure ventilation in the nasal airways; and intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Two studies that used nasal cannulas showed less beneficial effects; and one reported similar outcomes to the others, in addition to causing less nasal damage. Conclusions: The analyzed resources obtained equivalent results, indicating the effectiveness of positive pressure ventilation and intermittent positive pressure during extubation. Highlighting the need for research on the use of high-flow nasal cannulas.