PRINCIPAIS INTERVENÇÕES DE ENFERMAGEM NA PREVENÇÃO DA PNEUMONIA ASSOCIADA À VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Abstract

Introduction: Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation is the most important and common infection that affects patients on mechanical ventilation. Considered a serious hospital health problem and with worrying morbidity and mortality rates. Objective: to investigate in the literature which are the main nursing actions for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Methodology: this is an integrative literature review study. After using the PICO strategy, the following guiding question was defined: "What are the main nursing interventions for the prevention of VAP?". After reading and applying the selection criteria, nine articles were used. Results: The main nursing interventions described were elevation of the head between 30-45 degrees, maintaining cuff pressure between 20 and 30 mmHg, oral hygiene with chlorhexidine 0.12%, hand hygiene, aspiration of secretions and daily interruption of sedation. most interventions reached 50% to 70% adherence. Conclusion: The main preventive measures in the literature are used in clinical practice by nurses and they demonstrate good adherence to essential care for the prevention of VAP.