Cultural Ecosystem Services of Geodiversity in the Inselberg Fields of São Rafael - RN

Abstract

This study analyzes the Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) provided by geodiversity in the Inselberg Field of São Rafael, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, emphasizing the role of granitic rock formations in the construction of local identity, spirituality, and collective memory. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining theoretical research, fieldwork, and the application of the methodological framework proposed by Araújo, Diniz, and Souza (2024). Data were collected from four inselbergs (Lágea Formosa, Serra Branca, Serra do Desterro, and Serra da Pindoba) where cultural benefits such as diversity, spiritual values, education, aesthetic appreciation, artistic inspiration, sense of place, and recreation were identified. The results indicate that, beyond their high scientific and geological value, inselbergs are fundamental elements in shaping the cultural and natural heritage of the region. Among the analyzed sites, Serra do Desterro stood out as the most relevant, with eleven CES identified. However, anthropogenic pressures threatening the conservation of these formations were observed, particularly mineral exploitation and the presence of solid waste in the study area. The study proposes geoconservation strategies, including environmental education, regulation of ecotourism, and training of local guides, aiming to enhance the appreciation and preservation of geopatrimony and to strengthen the relationship between society and nature.