Alienação: nominalismo e ambiguidade referencial no "jovem Marx"
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21680/1983-2109.2022v29n60ID28968Keywords:
Alienation, Estrangement, Capital, Social Ontology, MarxAbstract
The main thesis of this essay is that if we ask about the reference of the concept "alienation", we will find ourselves in the position of being forced to admit that it is ambiguous. I shall use the term referential ambiguity to indicate two sources of ambiguity: (i) it may refer to labour as the object or subject of alienation; (ii) it may or may not designate a reference. I argue that the Marxian scholars have not made this ambiguity explicit because they are stuck in the paradigm of a "genitive-subjective reading". However, I do not argue for a 'genitive-objective reading', but I try to show that its plausibility helps to clarify that the texts of the 'young Marx' were themselves ambiguous. For this purpose, I seek to show what a 'genitive-objective reading' would say about three specific contexts of the use of 'alienation' and 'estrangement': Manuscripts of 1844 (first part), The Holy Family and The German Ideology (second part). I also attempt to explain how this reading only makes sense under the presupposition of a semantic nominalism.
Downloads
References
ADORNO, Theodor. Negative Dialectics. Trans. E. B. Ashton. New York: Routledege, 2004.
ARTHUR, Christopher J. Objetivação e alienação em Marx e Hegel. Trad. Felipe Taufer. Dissonância: Revista de Teoria Crítica, Campinas, 2021, pp. 1-47, p. 6-9.
ALTHUSSER, Louis. Marxismo e Humanismo In: ALTHUSSER, Louis. Por Marx. Trad. Maria Eleonor F. R. Loureiro. Campinas: UNICAMP, 2015a, pp. 183-202.
ALTHUSSER, Louis. Os “Manuscritos de 1844” de Karl Marx In: ALTHUSSER, Louis. Por Marx. Trad. Maria Eleonor F. R. Loureiro. Campinas: UNICAMP, 2015b, pp. 127-134.
BACKHAUS, Hans-Georg. Some Aspects of Marx’s Concept of Critique in the Context of his Economic-Philosophical Theory In: BONEFELD, Wenerd; PSYCHOPEDIS, Kosmas (Org.). Human Dignitiy: Social Autonomy and the Critique of Capitalism. Burlington: Ashgate, 2005, pp. 13-30.
BACKHAUS, Hans-Georg. Theodor W. Adorno sobre “Marx e os conceitos fundamentais da teoria sociológica”: A partir das notas de um seminário no semestre de verão de 1962. Trad. Tomás Lima Pimenta. Dissonância: Revista de Teoria Crítica, v.5, 2021, pp. 737-754.
BOTTOMORE, Tom. Introduction In: MARX, Karl. Karl Marx Early Writings. Trans. Tom Bottomore. London: McGraw Hill, 1963.
FETSCHER, Iring. Karl Marx e os marxismos. Trad. Heidrun Mendes da Silva. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1970.
GRESPAN, Jorge. A dialética do avesso. Crítica Marxista, São Paulo, Boitempo, v. 1, n.14, 2002, p. 26-47.
HARTMANN, Klaus. Die Marxsche Theorie: Eine philosophische Untersuchung zu den Hauptschriften. Berlin: Wlater de Gruyter, 1970.
HEINRICH, Michael. Anthropologie Als Kritik. In: HEINRICH, Michael. Die Wissenchaft vom Wert: Die Marxsche Kritik der politische Ökonomie zwischen wissechaftlicher Revolution und klassischer Tradition. 4. ed. Hamburg: VSA-Verlag, 2006, pp. 86-120, p. 88-89.
HEINIRCH, Michael. How to Read Marx’s Capital. Trans. Alexander Locasio. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2021.
GIANNOTTI, José Arthur. Origens da Dialética do Trabalho. São Paulo: Difusão Europeia do Livro, 1966.
LUKÁCS, György. O Jovem Hegel e os problemas da sociedade capitalista. Trad. Nélio Schneider. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2018.
LUKÁCS, György. O Jovem Marx In: LUKÁCS, György. O Jovem Marx e outros escritos filosóficos. 2. ed. Trad. José Paulo Netto e Carlos Nelson Coutinho. Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ, 2009, pp. 121-202.
LUKÁCS, György. Para uma ontologia do ser social. v. 2. Trad. Nélio Schneider, Ivo Tonet e Ronaldo Vielmi Fortes. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2013, p. 417-8
MARCUSE, Herbert. The Foundation of Historical Materialism In: MARCUSE, Herbert. Studies in Critical Philosophy. Trans. Joris de Bres. Boston: Beacon Press, 1972, pp. 1-48.
MARCUSE, Herbert. Razão e Revolução: Hegel e o Advento da Teoria Social. 2. ed. Trad. Marília Barroso. Rio Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1978.
MARX, Karl. Manuscritos Econômico-Filosóficos. Trad. Jesus Ranieri. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2011.
MARX, Karl; ENGELS, Friedrich. A Sagrada Família, ou, A crítica da Crítica crítica, contra Bruno Bauer e consortes. 1. Ed. Rev. Trad. Marcelo Backes. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2011.
MARX, Karl; ENGELS, Friedrich. A Ideologia Alemã. Trad. Rubens Enderle. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2007.
MARX, Karl. Contribuição à Crítica da Economia Política. Trad. Florestan Fernandes. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão Popular, 2008.
MARX, Karl. Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2009.
MARX, Karl; ENGELS, Friedrich. Die heilige Familie und Schriften von Marx von Anfang 1844 bis Anfang 1845 In: MARX, Karl; ENGELS, Friedrich. Historisch-kritische Gesamtausgabe: Werke, Schriften, Briefe. Abt. 1, Bd. 3. Frankfurt am Main: Marx-Engels-Archiv Verl-Ges, 1932, pp. 174-238 [MEGA1 I/3].
MARX, Karl; ENGELS, Friedrich. Deutsche Ideologie Manuskripte und Drucke. In: MARX, Karl; ENGELS, Friedrich. Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe. Abt. 1, Bd. 5 Amsterdam: De Gruyter Akademie Forschung, 2018 [MEGA2 I/5].
MARX, Karl. Ökonomische Manuskripte und Schriften: 1858-1861 In: MARX, Karl; ENGELS, Friedrich. Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe. Abt. 2, Bd. 2. Berlin: Dietz Verlag, 1980 [MEGA2 II/2].
MARX, Karl. Exzerpte und Notizen sommer 1844 bis Anfang 1847 In: MARX, Karl; ENGELS, Friedrich. Marx-Engels Gesamtausgabe. Abt. 4, Bd. 3. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1998 [MEGA2 IV/3].
McLELLAN, David. As ideias de Marx. Trad. Aldo Bocchini Neto. São Paulo: Cultrix, 1975.
MÉSZAROS, István. A Teoria da Alienação em Marx. Trad. Isa Tavares. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2006.
MILLER, James. History & Human Existence: From Marx to Merleau-Ponty. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982.
MUSTO, Marcello. Revisiting Marx’s Concept of Alienation. Socialism and Democracy, vol. 24., no. 3., nov-2010, p. 79-101.
MUSTO, Marcello. The ‘Young Marx’ Myth in the Interpretations of the Economic Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844. Critique, v. 43., n. 2., 2015, p. 233-260.
MUSTO, Marcello (Org.). Karl Marx’s Writings on Alienation. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2021.
RANIERI, Jesus. Apresentação In: MARX, Karl. Manuscritos Econômico-Filosóficos. Trad. Jesus Ranieri. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2011, pp. 11-19.
RANIERI, Jesus. A Câmara Escura: Alienação e Estranhamento em Marx. São Paulo: Boitempo, 2001.
REICHELT, Helmut. Sobre a estrutura lógica do conceito de capital em Karl Marx. Trad. Nélio Schneider. São Paulo: UNICAMP, 2013.
SAITO, Kohei. Karl Marx’s Ecossocialism: Capitalism, Nature, and the Unfinished Critique of Political Economy. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2017.
QUANTE, Michael. Kommentar In: MARX, Karl. Ökonomisch-philosophische Manuskripte. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 2009, pp. 209-410.
QUINE, Willard Von. Designation and Existence. The Journal of Philosophy, v. 36, n. 26, dec-1939, pp. 701-709.
QUINE, Willard Von. Sobre o que há In: Os pensadores. v. 67. Trad. Luiz Henrique dos Santos. 2. ed. São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1980, pp. 217-239.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Felipe Taufer
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Português (Brasil)
English
Español (España)
Français (Canada)
