Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health in Primary Health Care in Mossoró – RN

Abstract

Introduction: The Integrative and Complementary Health Practices (ICHP) integrate ancient practices with current western biomedical knowledge. Within the SUS, specifically in Primary Health Care (PHC), the main place where the ICHP work is in the Basic Health Units (BHU). Objective: Evaluate the use of ICHP within the scope of PHC in the municipality of Mossoró/RN and the knowledge of BHU managers about ICHP. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach was carried out with BHU managers of Mossoró. Two questionnaires were used: one to assess the knowledge of the BHU managers about ICHP and the other to evaluate the implementation process and use of practices at the BHU. Data were collected through the application of the questionnaires online using the Google Forms tool. Results: 23 managers (48.9%) answered the questionnaires. Most participants demonstrated knowledge of ICHP, the most known being acupuncture, meditation and herbal medicine. Only 17.4% of the BHU offer some ICHP, with phytotherapy being the main one. The application of ICHP is carried out mostly by nurses, with mental health and muscle pain being the most common indications. Failure in the attempt to implement ICHP was attributed to a lack of professional training and resources, while its interruption due to the shortage of material and the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: This study found a low prevalence of ICHP offered in Mossoró/RN. The need for qualification and training in ICHP for PHC professionals is highlighted, as well as better management of resources for its effective implementation in the municipality, given its importance in PHC in comprehensive health care and disease prevention.

Keywords: Integrative and Complementary Practices; Health Unic System; Primary Health Care.