CUIDADOS DE ENFERMAGEM NA PREVENÇÃO DA PNEUMONIA ASSOCIADA À VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA

Abstract

Introduction: Invasive mechanical ventilation is an artificial therapeutic resource, which aims to balance ventilation and / or oxygenation of patients with respiratory failure, among the complications of this intervention, pneumonia stands out. In this context, the nurse has a primary role in creating infection prevention programs, especially in the prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. Objective: To describe nursing actions to prevent pneumonia associated with invasive mechanical ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit. Methodology: This is a bibliographic study, of the type integrative literature review, for which the databases BDENF, LILACS and MEDLINE were defined as a research environment. Articles published in Portuguese, English and Spanish in the period between 2015 to 2019 were listed. The articles were explored from the reading of the titles, abstracts and full text, considering the studies that were in accordance with the proposed objective, being selected 7 articles to compose this review. Results: It was observed in the analyzed articles, the importance of adherence to protocols and bundles to prevent pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, for which they comprise practices such as checking the cuff pressure, elevating the headboard, secretion aspiration, oral hygiene, validity medical articles, hand washing and stopping the infusion of sedatives. Conclusions: Adherence to preventive measures for pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in intensive care units is recommended, which must be strictly practiced by nursing professionals, as they are representatives of care. The need to update and build protocols with measures that can prevent respiratory tract infections arising from the use of invasive mechanical ventilation is emphasized.