HISTORICAL EVALUATION OF CHILDREN'S PUBLIC HEALTH POLICIES IN BRAZIL: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: During   the   historical   trajectory   that   involves   the   policy   of children's  health  in  Brazil,  there  were  positive  and  negative  points  in  the  care process, implemented through public policies. In this sense, in several years and decades, new guidelines have been proposed that meet assistance qualified child health care. Aim: To analyze the historical trajectory  of  child  health  policies  in Brazil   by   verifying   trends   in   the   infant   mortality   coefficient. Methods: Consolidated integrative review based on research carried out in public domain documents,  available  in  digital  format  on  the  internet  network.  Data were collected on child health from the period 1930 to 2016. Results: Between 1930 and 2015,  there  is  a  reduction  in  the  infant  mortality  rate  and  improvement  in  the country's economy, as well as the implementation of several policies with actions aimed directly at the objective of this reduction. However, in 2016, one year after the  implementation  of  the  last  child  policy,  there  was  a  10.2%  increase  in  the infant  mortality  rate  in  relation  to  the  previous  year. Conclusions: Thus, this study shows that in the last 80 years the infant mortality rate has been reducing concomitantly  with  the  increase  in  policy  implementation.  However,  it  was possible  to  see  that  there  is  still  a  need  for  improvements  and  more  targeted attention to this part of the population.