Healthy lifestyle as a preventive factor of alzheimer's disease: an integrative review

Abstract

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease is characterized as a gradual disease and its evolution is influenced by numerous factors such as: advanced age, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, inadequate diet, sedentary lifestyle and depression. Objective: Identify the risk factors that contribute to the prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and their relationship with a healthy lifestyle. Methodology: The present study refers to an Integrative Literature Review and the search was carried out in national and international databases. From the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) in English and defined the use of Boolean operators (AND) and (OR) - "Healthy Lifestyle" AND "Alzheimer Disease" AND "Primary Prevention" OR "Disease Prevention" AND "Neurodegenerative Diseases" AND "Neurology" - in the National Library of Medicine, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online databases; BioMed Central and Periodical Portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. Results: The results revealed that of 13 articles selected for general characterization, almost half were included in a systematic review study. The year with the highest prevalence was 2022 and the language with the highest prevalence was English. Conclusions: Furthermore, a balanced diet with the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes and nuts was related to a decrease in the likelihood of AD. Note that there are relationships with multivariate factors that can prevent or trigger a clinical condition.

Keywords: Demency; Healthy Habits; Risk Factors.