ENVIRONMENTAL DISPLACEMENTS AND DISPLACED PERSONS

regulatory deficit and problems with interaction between the domestic and international sectors

Abstract

The present article addresses forced displacements due to environmental factors, highlighting the climate crisis as a global-scale human issue. It explores how natural disasters, progressive climate change, and human actions force millions of people to abandon their places of origin, often disproportionately affecting vulnerable and marginalized populations. Through global data, the economic, social, and political impacts of this phenomenon are demonstrated. The article discusses the insufficiency of legal regulations to adequately address environmental displacements, distinguishing concepts such as "environmental refugees," "environmental migrants," and "environmentally displaced persons," and emphasizing the inadequacy of current international law, which often excludes internal displacements where protection needs are equally urgent. In Brazil, the article examines the role of the Migration Law (Law 13,445/2017), which provides for the granting of temporary visas to individuals displaced by environmental disasters, underscoring the importance of this legislation despite its limitations. The article stresses the need for a coordinated regulatory framework at national and international levels, recognizing that the phenomenon of environmental displacement is transnational and requires joint action. It concludes that addressing the challenges of environmental displacement demands greater integration of public policies, regulations, and protection mechanisms to ensure the rights of affected individuals and promote sustainable solutions to mitigate future displacements.