A ironia da desumanização: a subjetividade suprimida pela objetividade em Kafka

Abstract

Abstract: The present production analyzes, in The metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka, the aesthetic resources used to address the theme of subjectivity as a function of objectivity in modern life. We will therefore locate, in the universe of A metamorfose, elements that reveal characteristics of this objectification. For this, in the first moment, we theoretically verify the concepts of objectivity and subjectivity, while we place Franz Kafka within the historical and philosophical moment in which he finds himself; further on, we identify the role of dehumanized art and realize which literary devices are used to cause the effect of dehumanization, since it becomes more interesting to reflect man, not as a hero full of humanity, but as a victim of his own time; and, in the third moment, we analyze how the consequence of subjectivity suppressed by objectivity is made explicit in A metamorfose. In this way, the observation acquired in the present analysis is that Kafka recognizes the total dispensability of the subject for the modern world by ironizing it.

Keywords: The metamorphosis; Franz Kafka; subjectivity; objectivity.