JURISDICTION AND DIGITAL SUPREMACY:

state economic sovereignty and the regulation of the data economy

Abstract

This article examines the relationship between jurisdiction and digital supremacy in the Digital Era, focusing on the challenges posed by the centrality of the data economy to state regulation and the protection of fundamental rights. Data, as a strategic resource, transcend territorial borders and are integrated into value chains dominated by global private conglomerates, especially Big Tech (GAFAM). This undermines the effectiveness of state jurisdiction and calls into question the very notion of sovereignty. The article argues that jurisdiction must be reinterpreted as a normative tool for regulating the global data economy, balancing state sovereignty, human rights protection, and multilateral mechanisms of digital cooperation. Only through this convergence can the digital space become more democratic, transparent, and equitable. Methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative, critical-analytical approach, grounded in bibliographic and normative review.